時間：2026-10-30(五) 11:00 am

講題：Biocide-Associated Adaptation in Pathogenic Bacteria: Genetic Mechanisms Linking Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence, and Host Immunity

講者 :  Prof. Adisak Romsang

服務單位：Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok , Thailand
                 Center for Emerging Bacterial Infections, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok , Thailand

地點：4樓創意講堂

主持人：姚少凌教授

摘要：

    Pathogenic bacteria possess remarkable adaptive capacity that enables survival under diverse environmental and host-associated stresses. Biocide exposure represents an important selective pressure that can alter antimicrobial susceptibility, virulence, and interactions with host immune defenses. This study investigated genetic mechanisms underlying biocide-associated resistance and their biological consequences using Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a model pathogenic bacterium. Genetic approaches, including mutant characterization, gene expression analysis, targeted gene editing, and functional studies of resistance-associated pathways, were integrated with antimicrobial susceptibility testing, oxidative stress assays, and virulence evaluation in animal infection models and mammalian immune cells. Environmental P. aeruginosa isolates from tap water distribution systems in Bangkok, Thailand, were also characterized. Genetic analyses revealed that paraquat resistance associated with the polyamine degradation pathway activated multidrug efflux systems and reduced susceptibility to multiple antibiotics, whereas the IscR regulatory network contributed to iron-sulfur cluster maintenance and oxidative stress adaptation. rcsA-mediated sodium hypochlorite resistance and ppk-dependent chlorhexidine resistance enhanced bacterial survival in mammalian immune cells. Environmental isolates exhibited enhanced rcsA-responsive bleach resistance and hypervirulence in both animal hosts and mammalian immune cells, but no significant correlation between bleach resistance and increased antibiotic resistance was observed. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that biocide-associated adaptation can influence antibiotic susceptibility, virulence, and host interactions through distinct genetic mechanisms. Integrating molecular research with biosafety education and antimicrobial resistance awareness may promote responsible biocide use and contribute to preventing the emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance.

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